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Case Study https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.709.129
Decline of Ethics and Moral Values in Present Scenario – An Analysis
Roshan Parihar
1*
, Poonam Parihar
2
and Devendra Jeet Sharma
1
1
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Barrister Thakur Chhedilal College of
Agriculture and Research Station, Sarkanda, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh-495001, India
(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisharh)
2
Department of Economics, Pundit Sunderlal Sharma (Open) University, Birkona, Bilaspur,
Chhattisgarh-495001, India
*Corresponding author
A B S T R A C T
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 09 (2018)
Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
, is an inherent
feature of a civilized society. It is a mental yardstick which focuses the mind to
distinguish between good or bad behavior, character and practices running around our
society, country or world. Value is a term used in economical and philosophical
context where economy pertain its price value among the commodity, while
philosophy deals its useful contribution for mankind. The smallest unit of society is
home, a place where learning of human values, moral duties and ethical values are
nd higher
education is not solely responsible for decline of ethics and values. Globalization is
also a root cause for the decline because people become materialistic rather than
moral. Higher education also focuses on skill development part rather than humanity
part of students just to make their names on global standards. The main aim of
imparting moral values and ethics during Gurukul system was to build a positive
character among students that lead to make a true citizen and ultimately leads to gear
up nation building process. Around the globe the declining trend of value and ethics is
a burgeoning problem which needs to tackled soon. With the advent of modern
technology from British rule skill education was emphasized rather than value
education. Our vedic education tenets like dharma, artha, kama, moksha were
forgotten from the modern education. In the present day corporate culture teaches only
the mannerism part but the truthful inceptions of ethical values are still absent there. In
a mechanized world where electronic gazettes are present viz. television, computers,
radio and 4G internet services provide every information either good or bad in decent
form. Social networking sites face book, twitter and instagram also makes our
relationship closer but also ruined the emotional wall between elders and youngers on
the name of frankness, which is a grave concern for ethical and moral values. In this
paper we will discuss about the causes and possible solution regarding the
improvement in ethical values and the role of education system to inculcate ethical
values into the students by modifying the curriculum of schools and colleges.
Keywords
Indian education
system, Ethical
decline, Moral
education, Moral
values, Ethics
Accepted:
08 August 2018
Available Online:
10 September 2018
Article Info
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Introduction
The literal meaning of Decline is losing
anything in a gradual manner. Than a question
comes that whether the true gentlemen or
humane characters like Moral values and
ethics still exist in this world? First we deal
the terms ethics, morality, education,
philosophy deal the term Ethics with the
morality. The word ethics has been derived
character (Pabla, 2011). Aristotle concluded
ethics was more than a moral, religious or
legal concept. To determine what is ethically
good for the individual and for the society, he
said, it is necessary to possess three virtues of
practical wisdom: temperance, courage and
justice (Pabla, 2011). Our Indian culture is
recognized worldwide unique because it has
perception there are four primordial
embodiments- Dharma, Artha, Kam and
Moksha and Five practices- Satya, Ahinsha,
Astaya, Aparigrah and Brahmacharya (Gupta
Pallavi, 2016). Conclusively termed as human
values, Morality and humane Character are the
main jewels of good human. Recent crisis in
value education in India.
Objectives of this study were as follows
To analyze the need of ethics in human being.
To analyze the need of morality.
To study the need of education.
To study the Salient Features of ancient
education system.
To analyze the methodology of ancient Indian
Education System
To analyze the Salient features of British
education system
To analyze the Features of Present education
system
To analyze the Present scenario of education
system in India
To analyze the Causes of ethical deterioration
in Indian education system
Materials and Methods
This study was focused to discuss the causes
of decline of ethics and moral values in
present scenario, by the critical review
through the studies of ancient education
system, British education system and Present
education system and various issues related to
higher education. Through the review analysis
come suggestive recommendation has given
for the upgrading the quality education in
India. To discuss the topic various data has
been gathered from the various sources viz.,
various websites of ministry of HRD, UGC
different related papers.
Role and challenges of higher education in
India
Education is a total metamorphosis of human
pattern into a civic one, it paves the way
towards total constructive behavioral change
in a human being, it is not only to gain
knowledge to read or write a few alphabets,
numerical or few Hindi words.
What is the need of ethics in human being?
Ethics is a mental yardstick which focuses the
mind to distinguish between good or bad
behaviour, character and practices running
around our society, country or world to save
humanity on earth man have to possess ethical
values, otherwise man and animals are same,
the greediness of human can only be satisfied
by attaining the true knowledge (Almond,
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1999). Ethics in education might bring the
change in human mind. What kind of ethics
we are talking here? According to Rushmore
Kidders research, we are talking about the
following ethics in education are (Ethics of
justice, Ethics of Critique, Ethics of Care,
Ethics of profession).
What is the need of morality?
Morality Refers to personal or cultural value
codes of conduct or social values or a body of
standards or principles derived from a code of
conduct from a particular Philosophy,
Religion or culture, or it can derive from a
standard that a person believes should be
universal. Morality may also be specifically
synonymous with "goodness" or "rightness."
Yet even through morals can vary from person
to person and culture to culture, many are
practically universal, as they result form of
basic human emotions. Rushmore Kidder
pointed 5 important moral values which are
Honesty, Respect for everyone, Responsibility
for work, Compassion. These moral values
have great importance in human life for living
peacefully.
What is the need of education?
derived from the Latin
terms education imparts an individual to get
understands the theory and practical but also
too think logically to reach or solve any
problem.
In philosophical terms education literal
meaning is to bring desirable changes in
human being, it is not simply imparting
knowledge in a particular faculty or subject,
but at the same time is also training in logical
thinking which helps the coming generations
adjust to the ever changing environment. It
also means opening the doors of the mind,
cleansing the soul and realization of the self
(Pabla, 2011). Its main aim is to make human
life better not only through economic
upliftment of individual but also through
social, moral and spiritual strengthening. This
will not only improve human life but also
Tamaso Ma
Jyotirgamaya
education is not only a way of earning but it
also helps to develop human personality with
skills, values, morals and enhancement of
different attributes of man. So education is a
vital means for the potentialities of a human
being to emerge in a positive direction so that
a man can live in society with full of dignity
(Bordoloi, 2011).
Salient features of ancient education system
Ancient Education system was a meaningful
education system; the idea of education has
been very grand, noble and high in ancient
women for the battle of life.
In ancient times in India Gurukula system of
education was the only system of education
(Gupta Pallavi, 2016). Than education system
was very prosperous, value-based, skills
oriented and was closely linked to nature and
life.
Methodology of ancient Indian education
system
The following methodology was used to
deliver the education are as follows:
Complete Brahmacharya
Student will initiate his Brahmacharya phase
through Upanayana. A student will be self-
discipline and self-controlled. All sort of
pleasure will be avoided and he must do all
the work given by a Guru.
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Learning of Vedas
The ancient education system was based on
four Vedas viz. Rigveda, samveda, yajurveda
and atharveda. Rigveda teaches stages of life
like family life, forest life and renunciation.
Yajurveda teaches how to perform sacrifices
in life. Samaveda is study of music.
Atharvaveda is the study of medical sciences.
Vedas plays an important role in ancient
education system Vedas teach our culture, the
meaning of life, how we should live, what is
right and what is wrong. Ultimately it is
learning of Karma, learning of dedication.
Vedas are the roots of Hindu Religion.
Learning phases in Ancient Indian
education system
Every student would undergo three phases
(Sravana, Manana, Nidhyaasana) every day.
Sravana-Means listen and understand,
Manana-Is reflecting the things we listened
(Shravana), Nidhyaasana-Complete
comprehension by the student of the truth that
is taught so that he may live the truth and not
merely explain it by words. It is the realization
of truth.
Salient features of British education system
After arrival of British Raj, the aim of
education underwent a complete change. The
British rulers needed cheap clerks to run this
country. So they developed a system of
education which could produce people to do
clerical jobs for them and nothing more.
They had introduced English medium schools
and emphasized more on modern science and
mathematics and diminished the role of value
education system. Skill development part was
lacked on their system because they want to
make the Indians as workers rather than
closely towards them and a rift between
modern education and ancient education had
started.
Features of present education system
Due to the effect of globalization,
modernization, industrialization, urbanization,
privatization and the influence of western
culture raised many problems and evils in
Indian society which starts declining ethical
values in Indian education system (Pathania,
2011). This system has statistically increase
literacy rate but not helps in creating educated
persons in the society and as a result it does
not produce ideal citizens in the country. The
present main objective of Indian students is to
be careerist without consideration of ethical
values and national spirit in their life. To
achieve the success they are using by hook or
crook method which hastens uncontrolled
corruption and decrease in ethical values,
unlawful activities, inhuman behaviour and
immoral consumption, which is slowly
breaking the structure of Indian society, nation
and the world. It is the crucial time to search
major causes of declining moral values in
Indian education system.
Present scenario of education system in
India
In India today most of the unsocial activities
are being committed by well-educated new
generation people. The relationship between
teacher and student lack confidence towards
each other. Students lack humanitarian attitude
towards other persons, family, society and the
nation. We have established institutions of
excellence, still question of degrading human
values in higher education is the most burning
problem of the country. The main failure of
our education system is to inculcating human
values. Every person is responsible for this
because instead of inculcating good values we
have taught our children wrong values. The
children are taught to earn money in any
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manner without thinking morality. Earlier
societies even without education had these
values and preserved them. The values
preached by Mahatma Gandhi and all our old
great leaders have destroyed on the sake of
casteism and communalism. In India
approximate 700-750 universities are
operating for providing Higher Education in
the field of Engineering, Management,
Medical, Humanities, Sports & other Sciences
(Gupta Pallavi, 2016). Those practical
embodiments which are given importance in
human species and through which human
behaviour is directed and controlled are
known as human values. In each religion there
are some moral rules and the followers of the
same ought to follow those rules and
responsibilities throughout their lives. In
people accept that values are deeply rooted in
our heritage and Culture. Any culture is
identified by its values only.
Causes of ethical deterioration in Indian
education system
Businessization of educational institutes
Privatization of educational institutes is a
major cause for the declining ethical values in
education system. The self-financing private
institutions with recognition, which may be
termed as commercial private education
institutions are the major players (Singh and
Purohit, 2011). With the mushrooming of
these private institutes in the modern era, the
education has acquired the status of a
marketable commodity, where educational
institutes are the traders and students are the
customers (Garg and Kaur, 2012). These
institutions started courses on any discipline
without basic infrastructure and qualified
teaching faculties. They appointed teachers on
low salary and of inadequate standards. Low
salaried teachers have low morale which
hampers their performance on the class.
Teachers who indulge in unethical practices
are arguably unfit for teaching values such as
civic education, moral values, honesty and
integrity (Hallak and Poisson, 2005). The
mushrooming of private education especially
in engineering, medical, dental, nursing and
management disciplines created a huge
unwaged youth and the professional degrees
are made into a commodity and are being sold
(Singh and Purohit, 2011). Presently
thousands of unskilled, untrained and unpaid
professionals are produced every year (Garg
and Kaur, 2012). This kind of ethical
deterioration not only has economic impact
but it also has a severe social impact on
society.
Lacking of value education in course
curriculum
In ancient India the roots of value and ethics
are, the Vedas, the Upanishads and the epics,
which upheld the values of Indian society.
Imparting value education was the main aim
of the Gurus of the ancient age (Pathania,
2011). Today people mostly live in nuclear
families and parents are involved in their jobs
and they cannot sprout values at home. At
present value education is not started at home
nor taught at schools in India. Present School
curriculum lack emphasize on value
education. The present curriculum finds no
space to value education, but has the space to
make them perfect money makers, politicians,
doctors, engineers, artist, actors but fails to
inculcate humanity (Harish Bala, 2011).
Corruption in education field
The major cause of ethical degeneration in
education system is rapidly spreading
corruption. presently corruption engulfed
education system also and it can be defined as
private benefit, whose impact is significant on
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the availability and quality of educational
goods and services as a consequence on
and Poisson, 2001). Corruption in terms of
bribes and illegal fees for admission and
examination; academic fraud; withholding
teacher salaries; preferential promotion and
procurement, meal provision, transportation,
and infrastructure etc.
Present scenario of education system in India
Total No. of higher institution in India Universities
Total
State Universities
342
Deemed to be Universities
125
Central Universities
46
Private Universities
227
Total
740
Source- UGC 2014-15 Report
Educator's pedagogy
The teachers do not have proper teaching
methodologies. In the current time novel
methods of teaching aids are used to reach the
student mind. The Curriculum designed by
the university has less relevance to practical
among the students. The accumulation or
presentation of data is not enough to decide
the criteria for quality education.
Student –teacher relationship status
The teacher itself become selfish for their
wealth generation by tuition and coaching and
student. The poor student is unable to get
quality education due to lack of money.
Hence when a student becomes successful he
had not true respect for the teacher. Education
becoming a business rather than a mechanism
for societal change.
Inadequate Govt. policies
After independence many commission,
committee, policies were setup to improve
Indian education system, but the improvement
is not satisfactory because the curriculum is
based on social and intellectual dimension of
education and less weight age is given to
values and morals. So the impact of Indian
education is not fulfilling its desired needs
and aspirations.
Broken marriages
Everybody wants to be literate, self-
dependent but no one is thinking about
excellence. Husband and wife both try to
dom
cooperate with each other, which leads to
divorce. This situation leads to very bad
resulted to broken marriages and nucleus
families. The element of human values and
moral education is very much needed to
achieve the past glory of rich heritage and
ethical value of India. School should conduct
various value education sessions to meet the
rising needs of value education (Sailaja,
2001).
Lack of compulsory faculty training
Govt. must make an action plan to train all the
teaching faculties all over the country
irrespective of subjects in the field of ethical
and moral values. Because unless and until
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the teacher has the positive attitude towards
others, then only the students attitudes will
got changed. In the report "Moving towards a
Learning society (1995)" on teachers' needs
for continuing education has shown that
teachers keep up with the times and need
continuing education not only for changes
resulting from administrative reforms but also
in order to upgrade their knowledge of their
own subject.
Lack of special training for head of
educational institutions
The role of the principal in creating the
working culture and atmosphere of the school
is central. In developing the quality of
education the head works as an engine to
hasten the growth of the institution. Principal
should have the competency of manager as
well as administrator; therefore, special
attention should be paid on the principals'
education.
An ethics foundation course, integrating
ethics in other subjects across the curriculum,
and offering some other initiatives like
hosting guest speakers and offering live
learning projects, in order to expose students
to ethics training.
Lack of teachers and principals evaluation
by subordinates
A feedback cum evaluation report must be
independent authority must handle such
confidential work to maintain the
transparency of the system. It is just like
whistle blower system which means to judge
the soft and hard skills of the higher
teacher evaluation has started by the students
evaluation must be implemented to check
their monopolistic approach of work. It will
reduce the corruption on lower levels and
make a healthy environment among the staff
members.
As quoted by Swami Vivekananda education
weapon
The
decline of ethical values in education system
will give rise to unethical person in all walks
of life despite of having a huge success in
professional terms. This trend needs to be
addressed if India has to survive as a nation
and acquire its due place in the world.
Corruption, privatization, absence of teacher,
undue political interference, inadequate
government policies, defective course
curriculum, lack of faculty and principal
training are the key factors which increases
unethical works, are the main causes of
ethical decline. The ethical decline also effect
the personal and social life of an individual in
terms of nucleus family, broken marriages
decline of social contacts which leads to
create loneliness. The only way to arrest this
ethical deterioration is to provide novel
modes of value education having the gist of
ancient education system. Thus there is an
urgent need to re-introduce value based
education in the curriculum dealing
specifically with human values, to redesign
the fabric of Indian educational system with
the equal balance of skill and value education.
It is matter of research for the social scientist
to devise the method to restructure the course
curriculum having the jewels of our Vedas
and Upanishads.
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How to cite this article:
Roshan Parihar, Poonam Parihar and Devendra Jeet Sharma. 2018. Decline of Ethics and Moral
Values in Present Scenario An Analysis. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 7(09): 1085-1092.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.709.129
