Contents of the Rating Guide
For Part III A Scaffold (open-ended) questions:
• A question-specific rubric
For Part III B (DBQ) essay:
• A content-specific rubric
• Prescored answer papers. Score levels 5 and 1 have two papers each,
and score levels 4, 3, and 2 have three papers each. They are ordered
by score level from high to low.
• Commentary explaining the specific score awarded to each paper
• Five prescored practice papers
General:
• Test Specifications
• Web addresses for the test-specific conversion chart and teacher
evaluation forms
Updated information regarding the rating of this examination may be
posted on the New York State Education Department’s web site during
the rating period. Visit the site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/
and
select the link “Examination Scoring Information” for any recently
posted information regarding this examination. This site should be
checked before the rating process for this examination begins and at
least one more time before the final scores for the examination are
recorded.
Copyright 2009
The University of the State of New York
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
Albany, New York 12234
FOR TEACHERS ONLY
The University of the State of New York
REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION
GLOBAL HISTORY
AND GEOGRAPHY
Friday, June 19, 2009 — 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only
RATING GUIDE FOR PART III A
AND PART III B
(DOCUMENT-BASED QUESTION)
VOLUME
2
OF
2
DBQ
[2]
GLOBAL HISTORY and GEOGRAPHY
Mechanics of Rating
The following procedures are to be used in rating papers for this examination. More detailed directions
for the organization of the rating process and procedures for rating the examination are included in the
Information Booklet for Scoring the Regents Examination in Global History and Geography and United
States History and Government.
Rating the Essay Question
(1) Follow your school’s procedures for training raters. This process should include:
Introduction to the task—
• Raters read the task
• Raters identify the answers to the task
• Raters discuss possible answers and summarize expectations for student responses
Introduction to the rubric and anchor papers—
• Trainer leads review of specific rubric with reference to the task
• Trainer reviews procedures for assigning holistic scores, i.e., by matching evidence from the response
to the rubric
• Trainer leads review of each anchor paper and commentary
Practice scoring individually—
• Raters score a set of five papers independently without looking at the scores and commentaries pro-
vided
• Trainer records scores and leads discussion until the raters feel confident enough to move on to
actual rating
(2) When actual rating begins, each rater should record his or her individual rating for a student’s essay on
the rating sheet provided, not directly on the student’s essay or answer sheet. The rater should not cor-
rect the student’s work by making insertions or changes of any kind.
(3) Each essay must be rated by at least two raters; a third rater will be necessary to resolve scores that dif-
fer by more than one point.
Rating the Scaffold (open-ended) Questions
(1) Follow a similar procedure for training raters.
(2) The scaffold questions need only be scored by one rater.
(3) The scores for each scaffold question may be recorded in the student’s examination booklet.
The scoring coordinator will be responsible for organizing the movement of papers, calculating a final
score for each student’s essay, recording that score on the student’s Part I answer sheet, and determining
the student’s final examination score. The conversion chart for this examination is located at
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/
and must be used for determining the final examination score.
[3]
Global History and Geography
Part A Specific Rubric
Document-Based Question—June 2009
The manorial system, widespread in the West from Charlemagne’s time onward, was not at first
favorable to the development of agriculture and commerce. Manors tended to be self-sufficient;
the economy was closed. People lived in their small world, in constant fear of the strange world
beyond, from which came only evil. The best they could hope for was to endure; and they
endured.
In the eleventh and following centuries things took a turn for the better. Life became more
stable; population increased; new lands were brought under cultivation and old lands rendered
[made] more productive. New agricultural techniques were introduced. The power of legumes
[nitrogen-fixing plants] to nourish and revive exhausted soils was recognized, and the science of
manuring developed—marl [lime-rich mud] and ashes being employed in combination with
animal manures. The quality of herds was improved by selection and crossbreeding. Flowing
water was put to work, operating gristmills and providing power for forges. Windmills whirled on
plains and uplands, and men even attempted, with some success, to construct tidal mills. . . .
Source: Morris Bishop,
The Middle Ages
, Houghton Mifflin
1 According to Morris Bishop, what are two changes that occurred during the medieval period?
Score of 2 or 1:
• Award 1 credit (up to a maximum of 2 credits) for each different change that occurred during the
medieval period according to Morris Bishop
Examples: population increased; new lands were brought under cultivation; old lands became
more productive; new agricultural techniques were introduced; power of legumes to
nourish/revive exhausted soils was recognized; science of manuring developed; quality
of herds was improved by selection/crossbreeding; water/wind/tide was harnessed to
provide power; life became more stable
Note: To receive maximum credit, two different changes that occurred during the medieval period must
be stated. For example flowing water was put to work and water provided power for forges are the
same change expressed in different words. In this and similar cases, award only one credit for this
question.
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: the manorial system was less favorable to the development of agriculture and
commerce; manors were more self-sufficient; the economy was now closed; it became
more difficult to cultivate the land
• Vague response
Examples: there was a change; there were more attempts; there was some success; developments
occurred; things took a turn for the worst; people lived in a small world
• No response
Document 1
[4]
. . . Then, just as the Crusaders had been inspired at least in part by commercial motives, those
200 years of constant coming and going between East and West obviously gave trade a
tremendous boost. Merchants, studying the itineraries [routes] of the cross-bearers [crusaders]
who paved the way, discovered the most direct routes between eastern Mediterranean ports and
the heart of Europe. Venice was a particularly active port of entry for goods imported from the
Middle East and India. From there the goods traveled a well established route through the
Brenner Pass, up the Rhine to Brussels and then north to the Baltic Sea. Many a town which lies
along this course owes its existence to a brisk demand for exotic wares from the East by medieval
Europeans. . . .
Source: “Legacy of the Crusades,”
Aramco World
Document 2
2 According to this excerpt from “Legacy of the Crusades,” what is one economic change brought
about by the Crusades during the medieval period?
Score of 1:
• States an economic change brought about by the Crusades during the medieval period as expressed in
this excerpt
Examples: trade increased; trade was given a tremendous boost; towns developed along trade
routes; merchants discovered the most direct trade routes; trade between Europe and
the Middle East was stimulated; Venice became a particularly important port;
European demand for exotic goods from the East was created/increased
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: trade decreased; Crusaders were inspired by commercial motives; merchants went on
the Crusades; the number of towns decreased
• Vague response
Examples: Crusaders were inspired; Crusaders went to the East; merchants paved the way; there
was constant coming and going
• No response
[5]
3 According to Frances and Joseph Gies, what was one impact of the growth of European cities on
medieval European societies?
Score of 1:
• States an impact the growth of European cities had on medieval European societies according to
Frances and Joseph Gies
Examples: cities changed from being military headquarters/administrative centers to areas of
commerce/industry; new cities were planned to include a central square/church/market
buildings; in Italy, businessmen/craftsmen established “communes,” declaring
themselves free men who owed allegiance only to a sovereign; some lords exempted
city dwellers from feudal obligations; serfs could be emancipated if they lived in a city
for a year and a day; individuals had more freedom; weakened the manor system
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: cities strengthened feudal ties; there was less commerce/industry; cities developed
haphazardly; growth of industry meant the growth of cities
• Vague response
Examples: they got bigger; they were called communes; Europe turned; air was free; serfs ran
away; developing to developed regions
• No response
. . . In a word, Europe was turning from a developing into a developed region. The growth of
industry meant the growth of cities, which in the eleventh and twelfth centuries began to
abandon their old roles of military headquarters and administrative centers as they filled with the
life of commerce and industry. Some, like Genoa, once Roman villages, mushroomed, while
others, like Venice, appeared out of nowhere. Still others, calling themselves simply “New City”
(Villanova, Villeneuve, Neustadt), were founded by progressive rulers. Instead of growing
haphazardly, they were built on a plan, typically a grid pattern with a central square, church, and
market buildings. Beginning in tenth-century Italy, businessmen and craftsmen in many cities
established what they called “communes,” declaring themselves free men who owed allegiance
only to a sovereign who collected taxes but otherwise left them alone. Astute lords granted
charters exempting city dwellers from feudal obligations—“so that my friends and subjects, the
inhabitants of my town of Binarville, stay more willing there,” sensibly explained one lord. Under
the rubric “Free air makes free men,” even serfs were declared emancipated if they maintained
themselves in a city for a year and a day. . . .
Source: Frances & Joseph Gies,
Cathedral, Forge, and Water Wheel:
Technology and Invention in the Middle Ages
, Harper Perennial (adapted)
Document 3
Merchant buys raw
wool from sheep
raiser.
Merchant takes
wool to farm families—
women and children
clean, sort, spin
into yarn.
Merchant takes
yarn to weaver
[with hand loom].
Merchant takes
fabric to fuller for
cleaning, shaping.
Merchant takes
fabric to dyer
[to add color].
Merchant takes
fabric to market.
Domestic System of Making Cloth
Source: Farah and Karls,
World History: The Human Experience
, Section Focus Transparencies,
Glencoe McGraw-Hill (adapted)
Document 4a
4a Based on this chart, how is cloth produced in the domestic system?
Score of 1:
• States a way cloth is produced in the domestic system based on this chart
Examples: by hand; with hand looms; the merchant takes the wool to the farm family for
spinning/to the weaver/to the fuller for cleaning and shaping/to the dyer for color; wool
is bought by a merchant who takes it to different people who do everything by hand;
merchants interact with producers at all phases; through a series of steps with
specialized workers
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: the merchant does all the work in the production of cloth; families work in factories to
produce cloth; merchant takes fabric to market
• Vague response
Examples: wool is made into cloth; merchants travel; the market is the last step
• No response
[6]
Document 4b
4b Based on this chart, how is cloth produced in the factory system?
Score of 1:
• States a way cloth is produced in the factory system according to this chart
Examples: by machine; in a series of steps using machines powered by water; through the use of
new inventions such as Samuel Crompton’s spinning machine/Edmund Cartwright’s
automatic power loom; weaving by water/steam-powered machines; all production
occurs in a factory using machines; machines replaced workers from the domestic
system
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: wool is taken from factory to factory; by hand; the merchant takes part in every step of
the production of cloth; fabric is shipped to merchants
• Vague response
Examples: in factories; inventions were made; designs were printed
• No response
Merchant
buys raw
wool from
sheep raiser
and sells to
factory
Source: Drawn by T. Allom
Carding machines comb
the raw wool and Samuel
Crompton’s spinning
machine, called the mule,
is powered by water and
spins thread
Edmund Cartwright’s automatic
power loom weaves thread into
cloth
Ink rollers are used
to add designs to
fabric
Fabric is shipped
to markets
Use of Inventions in the Factory System
[7]
[8]
Industrial Revolution
. . . The first phase of the industrial revolution made traditional society obsolete [no longer
useful] because it was incompatible with the basic requirements of an industrial economy.
Among these requirements was the commercialization of agriculture. Land had to be treated as
a commodity that could be bought and sold in order to produce enough food to feed a growing
urban population and to make some rural labor redundant [excessive] so that people would move
to the cities to work in the new factories. Traditional societies varied widely across the globe but
everywhere they were based on the land and nowhere was land simply a commodity. It was,
instead, the basis of a complicated network of obligations and privileges, a social structure
binding owner to field worker, lord to peasant. It was these traditional institutions, these social
worlds, that the industrial revolution threatened and that it ultimately swept away. . . .
Source: Michael Mandelbaum,
The Ideas that Conquered the World
, Public Affairs
Document 5
5 According to Michael Mandelbaum, what is one change that resulted from the Industrial
Revolution?
Score of 1:
• States a change that resulted from the Industrial Revolution according to Michael Mandelbaum
Examples: traditional society became obsolete; agriculture was commercialized; land was treated
as a commodity; urban population was growing; people moved to the cities to work in
the factories; traditional social structure was swept away; agricultural surpluses caused
more people to move to the cities; traditional institutions were swept away
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: traditional societies varied widely; it bound owner to field worker/lord to peasant;
peasants were needed to work on farms; industrial revolution was obsolete
• Vague response
Examples: industrial economy had basic requirements; it was threatened; it was better
• No response
[9]
6a According to Dr. Agnew, what is one impact the Industrial Revolution had on children?
Score of 1:
• States an impact the Industrial Revolution had on children according to Dr. Agnew
Examples: children suffered greatly; the children became sick/unhealthy; they worked under
unfavorable conditions; children who had been stout and healthy became delicate/
sickly; children had to work long hours in the factory
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: children were healthy; children could not work in factories; children visited the doctor
every morning
• Vague response
Examples: it had effects; there were many opportunities; there were cotton factories
• No response
. . . I have frequently visited many of the Cotton Factories in this neighbourhood, with friends
who came from a distance; on coming out, it has always been a general reflection, that the
children were very great sufferers, and seemed sickly and unhealthy; being obliged to work such
long hours under such unfavourable circumstances. As I dedicate an hour or two every morning
to giving advice to the poor, I have a great many opportunities of witnessing the bad effects of
such confinement on the health of children; frequently the parents say their children were stout
and healthy, until they were sent out, and confined so close and long in the Factory; but now they
had become delicate and sickly. . . .
Source: Robert Agnew, M.D., “Observations on the State of the Children in Cotton Mills,”
Manchester, March 23, 1818
Document 6a
[10]
In this excerpt, Friedrich Engel’s discussion with a middle-class gentleman shows the attitude of the middle
class about the living conditions of the factory workers.
. . . One day I walked with one of these middle-class gentlemen into Manchester. I spoke to him
about the disgraceful unhealthy slums and drew his attention to the disgusting condition of that
part of the town in which the factory workers lived. I declared that I had never seen so badly
built a town in my life. He listened patiently and at the corner of the street at which we parted
company he remarked: “And yet there is a great deal of money made here. Good morning, Sir.”. . .
Source: Friedrich Engels,
The Condition of the Working Class in England
, Stanford University Press (adapted)
6b According to Friedrich Engels, what is one result of the Industrial Revolution on the living
conditions of factory workers?
Score of 1:
• States a result the Industrial Revolution had on the living conditions of factory workers according to
Friedrich Engels
Examples: people lived in disgraceful/unhealthy slums; factory workers lived in a disgusting part
of town; factory workers lived in a badly built town
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: workers were part of the middle class; a great deal of money was made by the factory
workers; the middle class tried to improve the living conditions of factory workers
• Vague response
Examples: it was a part of the town; there was money to be made; there were conditions;
everything was bad
• No response
Document 6b
[11]
7 According to Herbert Buchsbaum, what is one economic change that has occurred as a result of
globalization?
Score of 1:
• States an economic change that has occurred as a result of globalization according to Herbert
Buchsbaum
Examples: business transactions now span the planet; there has been a boom in worldwide trade;
Americans now buy/use products from all over the world; foreign investment has
created factories/provided jobs; national borders are becoming fuzzier and fuzzier as
international trade increases; whole nations have had fortunes soar/have been left
behind; foreign investors have poured millions into nations with cheap labor
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: globalization benefits everyone; parents wore American-made clothes; American
consumers buy from Americans; there is less world trade
• Vague response
Examples: lives are affected; it is better and worse; the world is mixed-up; multitude of dramatic
changes
• No response
Document 7
. . . Welcome to the mixed-up world of “globalization”—a growing worldwide marketplace where
business transactions routinely span the planet and national borders are growing fuzzier and
fuzzier. It wasn’t always this way. Chances are, your parents wore American-made clothes, ate
American-made food, and drove American-made cars. But a boom in world trade has changed
all that. And what you buy may be the least of it.
The expansion of world trade has unleashed a multitude of dramatic changes. Whole countries
have seen their fortunes soar as foreign investment has poured in, creating factories and
providing jobs for millions of people. Other countries have been left behind. In the process,
billions of lives are affected, for better and worse. . . .
Source: Herbert Buchsbaum, “Living in a Global Economy,”
Scholastic Update
,
March 7, 1997
[12]
Your Complaints Circle Globe
. . . When an American calls a toll-free number in the United States to report a broken appliance
or complain about the wrong sweater ordered from a catalog, the call is often routed through fast
fiber-optic cables to a center in India. . . .
International call centers based in India will generate $8 billion in revenue by 2008, says
NASSCOM, a technology industry trade group in India. Growth is accelerating as globalization
and government deregulation expand telecommunications in India and lower its cost.
“The potential is unlimited,” says Prakash Gurbaxani, founder and chief executive of 24/7
Customer.com, a customer service center in Bangalore whose American clients include Web
sites AltaVista and Shutterfly.com. Anticipating more business, the company’s supermarket-sized
call center is filled with dark-screened PCs and dwarfs its 300 employees. . . .
Source: Associated Press,
Syracuse Herald American
, June 24, 2001
Document 8
8 Based on this newspaper article, what is one impact that globalization is having on India?
Score of 1:
• States an impact that globalization is having on India based on this newspaper article
Examples: India has become an international calling center; telecommunications have expanded;
phone calls from the United States are being routed to call centers in India; India’s
revenue from call centers is growing; India’s economy is growing richer as American
companies are outsourcing; telecommunication costs have been lowered; new jobs are
being created
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: Americans call a toll-free number; Americans have lost jobs; things cost more; people
live in a small world
• Vague response
Examples: the potential is unlimited; there are toll-free numbers; catalogs are important; things
took a turn for the worst; the country is growing
• No response
[13]
. . . TODAY, GLOBALIZATION IS being challenged around the world. There is discontent with
globalization, and rightfully so. Globalization can be a force for good: the globalization of ideas
about democracy and of civil society have changed the way people think, while global political
movements have led to debt relief and the treaty on land mines. Globalization has helped
hundreds of millions of people attain higher standards of living, beyond what they, or most
economists, thought imaginable but a short while ago. The globalization of the economy has
benefited countries that took advantage of it by seeking new markets for their exports and by
welcoming foreign investment. Even so, the countries that have benefited the most have been
those that took charge of their own destiny and recognized the role government can play in
development rather than relying on the notion of a self-regulated market that would fix its own
problems.
But for millions of people globalization has not worked. Many have actually been made worse
off, as they have seen their jobs destroyed and their lives become more insecure. They have felt
increasingly powerless against forces beyond their control. They have seen their democracies
undermined, their cultures eroded.
If globalization continues to be conducted in the way that it has been in the past, if we continue
to fail to learn from our mistakes, globalization will not only not succeed in promoting
development but will continue to create poverty and instability. Without reform, the backlash
that has already started will mount and discontent with globalization will grow. . . .
Source: Joseph E. Stiglitz,
Globalization and Its Discontents
, W. W. Norton & Co., 2003
Document 9
9a According to Joseph E. Stiglitz, what is one positive effect of globalization?
Score of 1:
• States a positive effect of globalization according to Joseph E. Stiglitz
Examples: it helped hundreds of millions obtain higher standards of living; it has promoted
development; global political movements have led to debt relief/led to a treaty on land
mines/spread ideas about democracy/civil society; some countries have found new
markets for their exports
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: it has lowered standards of living; it has caused discontent; jobs have been destroyed
• Vague response
Examples: globalization is being challenged; it is a force for good; countries took advantage
• No response
9b According to Joseph E. Stiglitz, what is one negative effect of globalization?
Score of 1:
• States a negative effect of globalization according to Joseph E. Stiglitz
Examples: many people are worse off; jobs have been destroyed; many lives have become more
insecure; democracies have been undermined; cultures have been eroded;
poverty/instability has been created; it has caused discontent
Score of 0:
• Incorrect response
Examples: new markets have been created; everyone has benefited; democracy has spread
• Vague response
Examples: we continue to fail to learn from our mistakes; it is making it worse; the past is
important
• No response
Global History and Geography
Content-Specific Rubric
Document-Based Question—June 2009
Scoring Notes:
1. This document-based question has a minimum of six components (at least two economic
and/or social changes for two time periods and an impact of a change on society or a specific
group of people for each time period). However, to incorporate the minimum number of
documents, most responses will discuss more than two changes for each time period.
2. In the discussion of at least two changes for each time period, any combination of economic
and social changes may be used.
3. The classification of changes as social or economic does not need to be specifically identified.
4. The same society or group of people may be used to discuss the changes in two different time
periods, e.g., the impact on workers during the Industrial Revolution in England and the
impact on workers during the Age of Globalization.
5. The discussion of the impact of a change may be immediate or long term.
6. The impact of a change in one time period and a description of a change that occurred during
another time period may be similar, e. g., people moving to the cities can be used as an impact
of the Crusades during the Middle Ages and a change during the Industrial Revolution.
7. The classification of information as change or an impact of change is subject to the student’s
point of view. The response may discuss information either as a change or an impact of a
change as long as the position taken is supported by accurate historical facts and examples.
8. The discussion of an impact of a change on society or a specific group of people may or may
not be related to the description of one of the economic or social changes.
9. For the purposes of meeting the criteria of using at least four documents in the response,
document 4a, 4b, 6a, and 6b may be considered as separate documents if the response uses
specific separate facts from each document.
Historical Context: While economic and social changes have occurred throughout history, certain time
periods have seen great changes. These time periods include the Middle Ages, the
Industrial Revolution in England, and the Age of Globalization.
Task: Choose two time periods mentioned in the historical context and for each
• Describe the economic and/or social changes that occurred during that time period
• Discuss an impact of a change on society or on a specific group of people
[14]
Score of 5:
• Thoroughly develops all aspects of the task evenly and in depth by describing at least two
economic and/or social changes for each of two time periods and discussing an impact of a change
on society or a specific group of people for each time period
• Is more analytical than descriptive (analyzes, evaluates, and/or creates* information), e.g., Middle
Ages: connects the loss of power of the Church and the rise of nation states during the later Middle
Ages to the rise of cities and towns as trade centers and the decline of feudalism with the
breakdown of the rigid social structure; Age of Globalization: connects the free trade movement
and the rise in foreign investment to the increase in profits of multinational corporations, which
creates resentment among those who see threats to their traditional jobs, values, and culture
• Incorporates relevant information from at least four documents (see Key Ideas Chart)
• Incorporates substantial relevant outside information related to economic and social changes (see
Outside Information Chart)
• Richly supports the theme with many relevant facts, examples, and details, e.g., Middle Ages:
manorialism, feudalism, lack of social mobility, serfs, Crusades, bubonic plague, bourgeoisie,
Hanseatic League, guilds, banking, barter replaced by cash; Age of Globalization: cheaper goods,
World Trade Organization, European Union, NAFTA, outsourcing, loss of jobs
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion
that are beyond a restatement of the theme
Score of 4:
• Develops all aspects of the task but may do so somewhat unevenly by discussing all aspects of the
task for one time period more thoroughly than for the second time period
• Is both descriptive and analytical (applies, analyzes, evaluates, and/or creates* information), e.g.,
Middle Ages: discusses the rise of stronger monarchs and the rise of nationalism as causes for
changes in social status for serfs with the emergence of the middle class; Age of Globalization:
discusses the outsourcing of jobs and the rise in foreign investment as a source of worker
resentment in industrialized countries
• Incorporates relevant information from at least four documents
• Incorporates relevant outside information
• Supports the theme with relevant facts, examples, and details
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion
that are beyond a restatement of the theme
Score of 3:
• Develops all aspects of the task with little depth or develops at least four aspects of the task in
some depth
• Is more descriptive than analytical (applies, may analyze, and/or evaluate information)
• Incorporates some relevant information from some of the documents
• Incorporates limited relevant outside information
• Includes some relevant facts, examples, and details; may include some minor inaccuracies
• Demonstrates a satisfactory plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion that
may be a restatement of the theme
Note: If all aspects of the task for one time period have been thoroughly developed evenly and in
depth, and if the response meets most of the other Level 5 criteria, the overall response may be
a Level 3 paper.
[15]
[16]
Score of 2:
• Minimally develops all aspects of the task or develops at least three aspects of the task in some
depth
• Is primarily descriptive; may include faulty, weak, or isolated application or analysis
• Incorporates limited relevant information from the documents or consists primarily of relevant
information copied from the documents
• Presents little or no relevant outside information
• Includes few relevant facts, examples, and details; may include some inaccuracies
• Demonstrates a general plan of organization; may lack focus; may contain digressions; may not
clearly identify which aspect of the task is being addressed; may lack an introduction and/or a
conclusion
Score of 1:
• Minimally develops some aspects of the task
• Is descriptive; may lack understanding, application, or analysis
• Makes vague, unclear references to the documents or consists primarily of relevant and irrelevant
information copied from the documents
• Presents no relevant outside information
• Includes few relevant facts, examples, or details; may include inaccuracies
• May demonstrate a weakness in organization; may lack focus; may contain digressions; may not
clearly identify which aspect of the task is being addressed; may lack an introduction and/or a
conclusion
Score of 0:
Fails to develop the task or may only refer to the theme in a general way; OR includes no relevant
facts, examples, or details; OR includes only the historical context and/or task as copied from the test
booklet; OR includes only entire documents copied from the test booklet; OR is illegible; OR is a blank
paper
*The term create as used by Anderson/Krathwohl, et al. in their 2001 revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational
Objectives refers to the highest level of the cognitive domain. This usage of create is similar to Bloom’s use of the term
synthesis. Creating implies an insightful reorganization of information into a new pattern or whole. While a Level 5 paper
will contain analysis and/or evaluation of information, a very strong paper may also include examples of creating
information as defined by Anderson and Krathwohl.
Middle Ages
Key Ideas from the Documents
Economic and Social Changes Impact of Changes on Society or a Specific Group of People
Doc 1—Increase in population
Cultivation of new lands
Increased production due to new
agricultural techniques and power of
legumes to nourish and revive soil
Development of science of manuring
Improvement of quality of herds by
selection and crossbreeding
Harnessing of flowing water to operate
grist mills and to provide power for
forges
Use of windmills on plains and
uplands
Doc 2—Increase in trade
Direct routes between eastern
Mediterranean ports and western
Europe discovered by merchants
Doc 2—Establishment of Venice as an active port for Middle
Eastern and Indian imports
Importation of Middle Eastern and Indian goods to Brussels and
the Baltic Sea area
Development of towns along trade routes due to demand for
exotic wares from the East
Doc 3—Growth of European cities as centers of commerce and
industry
Rapid growth of Genoa and Venice
Planning of new cities in grid patterns around a central square,
church, and market place instead of haphazard growth
(Villanova, Villeneuve, Neustadt)
Exemption of city dwellers from feudal obligations by charters
Establishment of communes by Italian businessmen and
craftsmen declaring themselves free men owing allegiance
only to a sovereign
Emancipation of serfs after “a year and a day” in a city
Relevant Outside Information
(This list is not all-inclusive.)
Economic and Social Changes Impact of Changes on Society or a Specific Group of People
Use of three field-system, iron plow
Establishment of markets and fairs for
exchange of goods
Replacement of barter by a “cash
value” economy
Establishment of banking
Formation of guilds to control prices
and quality of trade goods
Generation of new wealth
Formation of regional trade
associations (Hanseatic League)
Decrease in power of Catholic Church
Improvement of diet with introduction of new foods
Improvement of taste of food with spices from the East
Spread of Black Death (bubonic plague) via trade routes
Growth of anti-Semitism
Influence of wealth from trade and the exchange of ideas on the
Renaissance
Increased power of European kings
Rise of nation states
Beginning of decline of manorial system and feudalism
Weakening of Constantinople’s economic dominance
Development of middle class
[17]
[18]
Industrial Revolution
Key Ideas from the Documents
Economic and Social Changes Impact of Changes on Society or a Specific Group of People
Doc 4—Replacement of domestic
system by factory system
Replacement of hand labor by
machines in factories (mule, power
loom)
Doc 5—Incompatibility of traditional
society with industrial economy
Commercialization of agriculture
Movement of people to cities to work
in factories
End of complicated network of
obligations and privileges binding
owner to field-worker and lord to
peasant
Doc 5—Collapse of traditional social structure
Need to produce food for growing urban population
Movement of people to cities
Doc 6—Children working long hours
Children sickly and unhealthy due to the work in the factories
Development of unhealthy slums where factory workers lived
(Manchester)
Increase in wealth and status of middle class
Relevant Outside Information
(This list is not all-inclusive.)
Economic and Social Changes Impact of Changes on Society or a Specific Group of People
Development of machines for
production of goods in various
industries using waterpower and
steam (spinning jenny, steam engine)
Development of new forms of
transportation (railroads, steamboats)
Building of new cities around mines
and near manufacturing and
transportation centers
Payment of different wages for labor
according to jobs and gender
Lower class women working outside
the home
Details of poor living conditions for
workers in crowded tenements
Development of an educated middle
class based on economic standing
Leisure time and money for consumer
goods for the bourgeoisie
Increase in use of ideas of Adam
Smith (laissez-faire, laws of supply
and demand, free enterprise)
Expansion of mining jobs with increasing demand for coal and
iron
Expansion of overseas colonies and new trading spheres with
increasing need for raw materials
Leisure activities for middle class and upper class
Decrease in prices for consumers with mass production
Improvement of living conditions in some cities (street lamps,
sewage, waste removal, police, building codes)
Expansion of membership in the House of Commons and
increase in power of Prime Minister
Extension of voting rights
Increased momentum for women’s suffrage movement
Formation of trade unions by skilled artisans
Need for economic and social reform (Sadler Report, Jeremy
Bentham, John Stuart Mill, Robert Owen, Karl Marx, Charles
Dickens)
Passage of related legislation (Reform Acts, Factory Acts,
Mines Acts, Ten Hours Act, Education Acts)
[19]
Age of Globalization
Economic and Social Changes Impact of Changes on Society or a Specific Group of People
Doc 7—Development of a worldwide
marketplace not limited by national
borders
Creation of factories and jobs for
millions of people in some countries
Docs 7 and 9—Use of foreign
investment by some countries
Doc 8—Routing of toll-free numbers
in United States through fast fiber-
optic cables to India
Creating jobs in telecommunications
in India
Doc 9—Erosion of cultures
Development of new markets
Attainment of higher standards of
living by hundreds of millions of
people
Doc 7—Availability of goods from other countries
Creation of jobs for millions of people in some countries
Doc 8—Saving of money by Western companies
Creating jobs in telecommunications in India for many people
Increase in revenue for businesses in India
Doc 9—Spread of ideas about democracy throughout the world
Debt relief and a treaty on land mines as a result of global
political movements
Attainment of higher standards of living by hundreds of millions
of people
Destruction of jobs for millions of people
Undermining of democracies in some countries
Erosion of cultures in some countries
Creation of poverty and instability for some people
Attainment of higher standards of living by hundreds of millions
of people
Relevant Outside Information
(This list is not all-inclusive.)
Economic and Social Changes Impact of Changes on Society or a Specific Group of People
Spread of free-market capitalism
Employment shifts (outsourcing) as a
result of regional trade agreements
(GATT, NAFTA, CAFTA,
Mercosur)
Expansion of European Union
Spread of ideas and information with
communication technologies
(Internet, satellite phones, cell
phones)
Movement of goods and people along
new transportation networks
Movement of information along new
communication networks
Demonstrations and political actions in some regions as result
of worker displacement (Zapatistas in Mexico)
Demonstration of opponents against WTO policies and projects
Development of trade deficits in some industrial nations
Creation of common trade, credit, monetary policies, free
movement of workers between European Union nations
Effects on markets in the Americas, Europe, and Asia by
economic downturns
Quicker international transmission of disease (AIDS, Mad Cow,
SARS, swine flu)
Cultural diffusion with satellite television/radio, video, movies,
cell phones, and the Internet
Conducting business 24 hours a day in world markets and
information centers
Resentment, distrust, and discrimination against foreign
workers in some countries
Development of ultranationalist movements in some Western
European countries
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 5 – A
[20]
[21]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 5 – A
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 5 – A
[22]
[23]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 5 – A
p()
Anchor Level 5-A
The response:
• Thoroughly develops all aspects of the task evenly and in depth by discussing the Industrial
Revolution and the Age of Globalization
• Is more analytical than descriptive (Industrial Revolution: led to a new middle class who cared
mostly about money; farms became larger and more products were produced at a cheaper price;
factory system required a large supply of workers, leading to the use of children; most of the
money made went directly to company owners; Age of Globalization: companies branch out to
different parts of the globe to produce products at a lower price; countries around the world are
becoming economic superpowers due to the increase in trade; United States workers often lose
their jobs when the company relocates overseas; as new ideas are introduced and adopted by
people of different cultures, traditional values are sometimes forgotten and replaced by more
Western ones)
• Incorporates relevant information from documents 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9
• Incorporates substantial relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: factory system was
faster, efficient, and produced more products at a lower price allowing more people to purchase
them; changes in transportation brought raw materials such as coal and iron ore to the factories
and food products to the growing cities; bourgeoisie grew rich at the expense of the working
class; Marx thought the proletariat would unite against the bourgeoisie to overthrow the
capitalist system; Age of Globalization: during the Four Modernizations, foreign countries were
encouraged to bring their business to China; many African countries, who were inhibited from
growth under colonial rule, lack the infrastructure and stable governments to compete in the
global economy; Indians have become important consumers in the worldwide marketplace)
• Richly supports the theme with many relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial
Revolution: domestic system involved different people for each stage of production; under the
factory system, the merchant had to take the raw material to only one place for refinement;
children worked under harsh conditions for over ten hours a day; decrease in the health and
vitality of many children; dirty, unsanitary slums; low pay; Age of Globalization: in some
countries, new economic policies allowed for increased foreign investment; India has undergone
tremendous growth and is one of the leading countries in communication services; companies
like Dell send their calls to India, reducing the cost to the company and boosting economic
activity in India)
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction that restates the
theme and a conclusion that states while economic superpowers in the world market are created,
others are left in the dust to deal with debt, dependence on other countries, and poverty
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 5. The broadening of the gap between
the rich and the poor as a result of the changes that happened during the Industrial Revolution and
the Age of Globalization is carried through both discussions and is supported with many specific
examples. Strong analysis and interpretation of historical information form the basis of a
consistently thorough response.
[24]
[25]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 5 – B
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 5 – B
[26]
[27]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 5 – B
[28]
Anchor Level 5-B
The response:
• Thoroughly develops all aspects of the task evenly and in depth by discussing the Middle Ages
and the Industrial Revolution
• Is more analytical than descriptive (Middle Ages: agricultural changes resulted in increased food
production; needs of the increased population were difficult to meet on the manors; Crusades
caused medieval Europe to begin to look outside its bounds, making it more difficult to maintain
manorialism; as Europe prospered, the traditional social aspects of life changed and people were
no longer tied to their feudal obligations; Industrial Revolution: as the economy increased, the
social status of the lower class steadily declined; the domestic system was a slow process which
yielded very little output; factories allowed cloth to be produced rapidly and in the same place;
people were unhappy because they had to live in crowded tenement houses in the slums)
• Incorporates relevant information from documents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
• Incorporates substantial relevant outside information (Middle Ages: many changes during the
Middle Ages affected the city states of Italy; Italy being a peninsula relied on trade; increase in
trade helped Italy be the center of the Renaissance; Industrial Revolution: textile industries of
Britain boomed causing prices of cloth to decrease which led production to increase; the
working class became fed up with its treatment and realized that there had to be change; the
Sadler Report brought attention to the poor working conditions and eventually led to the passage
of laws such as the Factory Acts and the organization of unions, strikes, and rallies; with the
increased strength of unions and increased support from government officials, more reforms
came about; salaries were raised, hours were shortened, labor safety laws were put in place, age
requirements for working were passed, and limits on pollution were put in place)
• Richly supports the theme with many relevant facts, examples, and details (Middle Ages:
characterized by the manorial system under which trade was sparse and contact with the outside
world was equally so; changes in agriculture boosted economies by introducing methods such as
crop rotation, manuring, use of nitrates and nutrient-rich supplements, use of legumes, and
crossbreeding of animals; windmills, waterwheels, and even some tidal mills were used;
Industrial Revolution: before factories, people processed wool into cloth by means of the
cottage system or the domestic system; long hours, hazardous conditions, low pay, and cheap
housing were effects of the Industrial Revolution; men, women, and even children worked in the
factories)
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction that states
changes often take place when the needs of the people are not being met and a conclusion that
states the satisfaction of the people will eventually be achieved even if desirable effects are not
seen at first
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 5. Social and economic changes and
impacts are thoroughly addressed. Although the relevant outside information presented in the
discussion of the Middle Ages is somewhat limited, it is concise. The inclusion of short-term
negative impacts of the Industrial Revolution and the treatment of the eventual resolution of these
impacts with the development of unions and the legislation protecting workers’ rights and the
environment are particularly insightful.
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – A
[29]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – A
[30]
[31]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – A
[32]
Anchor Level 4-A
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task for the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution
• Is both descriptive and analytical (Middle Ages: feudal lords gradually began to lose their power
to capitalism, business, and change; Industrial Revolution: old way of moving the product
among specialists in labor became outdated by efficient machines and technology; land
modernized into a good that could be bought and sold, freeing up labor for the cities and
increasing urban population; living conditions in the cramped slums helped lead to outbreaks of
disease and poverty; people in the upper and middle class profited from the labors of the
workers in the factories; in contrast to the Middle Ages, there was a rise of consumerism and a
desire for manufactured goods began to dominate society)
• Incorporates relevant information from documents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
• Incorporates relevant outside information (Middle Ages: crop rotation methods such as the
three-field system allowed more crops to be harvested; water technology fueled mills and
forges, which led to specialized professions such as the blacksmith; Pope Urban II’s call for
crusades to regain the Holy Land brought about a major economic boom; technologies and
revived Greco/Roman learning were also brought back with the Crusaders, contributing to the
growth of cities; craftsmen created guilds to protect their interests; Industrial Revolution:
mechanized agriculture facilitated the surplus agricultural production that helped allow
migration to the cities; urban migration supplied workers for factory jobs and this led to the rise
of factories; partly as a result of the Industrial Revolution, the British empire was being built
with colonies, creating new markets and sources of raw materials; England took over areas in
Asia and Africa and ruled its colonies often times as cruelly as the middle class of the Industrial
Revolution treated its workers; women gained work outside the home and family size decreased
as it was no longer necessary to have a large family to supply agricultural labor; gender roles
changed and men were no longer the sole producers of the family income)
• Supports the theme with relevant facts, examples, and details (Middle Ages: new techniques and
technologies were discovered to increase production and crop yield; new routes were discovered
to the luxury producing areas of the Middle East and India, paving the way to the cities of
Europe; serfs could gain emancipation if they could support themselves in a city for a year and
one day; Industrial Revolution: Samuel Crompton’s spinning machine and the power loom
helped move production from the home to the factories; land ownership no longer represented
the basis for social structures that defined obligations between the ruling class and the ruled;
some men, women, and children worked in unhealthy, poor, and dangerous conditions for low
wages)
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction that restates the
theme and a conclusion that states the evolution into the modern age began with changes that
occurred during the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 4. Although the depth of analysis is not
extensive, a good understanding of the Middle Ages is demonstrated. Comparative analytical
statements that are interspersed in the discussion of the Industrial Revolution such as the changing
gender roles in society and in the family are insightful.
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – B
[33]
[34]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – B
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – B
[35]
[36]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – B
[37]
Anchor Level 4-B
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task but does so somewhat unevenly by discussing the Industrial
Revolution more thoroughly than the Age of Globalization
• Is both descriptive and analytical (Industrial Revolution: England saw a change from the
traditional domestic system of textile making to the new more efficient factory system;
machines performed tasks quicker and cheaper than a person could; agriculture became another
industry to be sold and made more efficient; commercialization of agriculture helped rural labor
leave the farms, move to the cities, and become workers in new factories; England grew and
prospered from the Industrial Revolution; living conditions for workers were horrendous and
most workers did not earn enough money to support their families; Age of Globalization: new
global capitalist markets evolved around the world; today it is difficult for countries to be self-
sufficient; new open trade has given countries new markets to sell to and allowed their
economies to grow)
• Incorporates relevant information from documents 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8
• Incorporates relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: as factories were being built
around the country, England became economically and technologically superior to other
nations; development of railroads and steamships using the steam engine made transportation
and trade more efficient; Engels believed that workers would eventually overthrow the
government and establish a communist state; Age of Globalization: today, goods are often
manufactured in pieces in different countries and then sent for assembly to another plant;
American companies are pushing to do business in countries such as China because they have
cheaper labor and a potentially giant marketplace for goods produced by American
corporations)
• Supports the theme with relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial Revolution: new
methods of production were used in factories; greater efficiency was seen in the manufacture of
textiles with inventions like the power loom created by Edmund Cartwright; the working class
had to deal with poor living and working conditions; some women and children worked in
factories where their treatment was bad; Age of Globalization: countries that had little economic
or financial strength are becoming world economy leaders; telecommunications has become a
major industry in India; it has helped some countries through foreign investments which have
led to higher living standards); includes an inaccuracy (steam engine created by Richard
Arkwright)
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction that states both
the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Globalization caused traditional economies and social
classes to be changed, leaving a great impact on the lives of the lower working class and a brief
conclusion
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 4. Outside information interwoven with
document interpretation is used to expand the discussion of the Industrial Revolution, including the
description of the change from the domestic system/rural life to the factory system/urban life. An
understanding of the Age of Globalization is demonstrated, although the depth of analysis is not
extensive.
[38]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – C
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – C
[39]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – C
[40]
[41]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 4 – C
Anchor Level 4-C
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task but does so somewhat unevenly by discussing the Industrial
Revolution more thoroughly than the Middle Ages
• Is both descriptive and analytical (Middle Ages: economy struggled to thrive since the manors
were self-sufficient; an effect of the agricultural changes was a surplus of food and an increase
in population; trade helped spread ideas across the lands; Industrial Revolution: working
conditions were sometimes so bad that either you could die from pollution or you could be
beaten for not doing your job properly; living conditions were also bad, maybe even worse than
the factories; garbage festered in the streets and sickness increased)
• Incorporates relevant information from documents 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6
• Incorporates relevant outside information (Middle Ages: legumes could also be used in the
three-field system; Crusades led to an increase in technology obtained from the Muslims in the
East; Industrial Revolution: a new and faster way to make food commercially was needed to
feed the increasing urban population; Enclosure Movement forced those who used to work on
farms to seek jobs in the new factories and living space in the rapidly developing urban centers;
children lost their limbs because they were caught in the machinery; some people slept in
crowded rooms and dirty basements; because of the unsanitary living and working conditions
and poor pay, labor unions came into existence; paved the way for other nations to become more
modernized)
• Supports the theme with relevant facts, examples, and details (Middle Ages: each manor was
self- sufficient; legumes helped replenish the soil; cross-breeding techniques helped to improve
the quality of herds; Crusades led to an increase in trade; Industrial Revolution: people worked
long hours under grueling conditions; children could become weak and sickly after being in the
polluted air and darkened work places 13 to 15 hours a day; new technologies were introduced,
such as the steam engine and factory machines)
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction that states
human society adapts to most changes and a conclusion that states societies benefit from their
adaptations to changes
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 4. Although some factors about the
development of manorialism are not relevant to the task, the analytical statements about the Middle
Ages enhance document interpretation. The strength of the response is the thorough discussion of
the impact the Industrial Revolution had on the lives of people in England.
[42]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – A
[43]
[44]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – A
[45]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – A
[46]
Anchor Level 3-A
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task with little depth for the Middle Ages and the Industrial
Revolution
• Is both descriptive and analytical (Middle Ages: each manor was isolated, causing a decline in
trade and an increase in self-sufficiency; foreign trade was almost nonexistent until the Crusades
began; although the main objective of the Crusades failed, trade routes opened and a spread of
ideas began to emerge between the West and the East; the Crusades saw a revitalization of
foreign trade and the decline of feudalism; Industrial Revolution: before the Industrial
Revolution, agriculture was a major component of most countries’ economies; factories could
produce goods such as textiles faster than domestic workers could; factories soon became the
centers of industry; industrial growth was not always good for all people; urban dwellers usually
remained poor and working conditions and housing remained awful)
• Incorporates some relevant information from documents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
• Incorporates relevant outside information (Middle Ages: feudal system benefited nobles but
serfs suffered from poverty and hunger; a serf could be freed from his seignorial dues; although
the freed serfs were still poor, they usually fared better than those serfs who remained on the
manor; the Crusades saw an increase in personal and national wealth; Industrial Revolution: the
working class grew in power during the 1800s in England and most of Europe; led to the
subjugation of people through imperialism, the rise of communism in Russia because of the
working class’s poor status, and the outbreak of World War I, enabling economically powerful
countries to use their factories to create an arms race and competition between countries)
• Includes some relevant facts, examples, and details (Middle Ages: Venice grew as a port for
Middle Eastern and Indian goods; cities located along the Rhine River also benefited from trade;
cities developed and prospered, which caused some serfs to flee from the country and move to
urban areas; Industrial Revolution: led to an increased population in urban areas; factories were
built in cities; some children were forced to work long hours and most worked in dark, unsafe,
unhealthy factories; some previously healthy children became sickly from factory work)
• Demonstrates a satisfactory plan of organization; includes an introduction that restates the
theme and a conclusion that mentions the long-term impacts of the Middle Ages and the
Industrial Revolution
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 3. Connections drawn, especially
concerning the long-term outcomes of the Industrial Revolution, lack elaboration. The inclusion of
some relevant outside information and good interpretation of document information demonstrates a
satisfactory level of understanding.
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – B
[47]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – B
[48]
[49]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – B
Anchor Level 3-B
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task with little depth for the Industrial Revolution and the Age of
Globalization
• Is more descriptive than analytical (Industrial Revolution: factory system created a more
efficient way to process cloth; machines were far more efficient in making cloth; traditional
family life was often lost since most of the people in families worked long hours in the factories;
Age of Globalization: borders have become ports for new ways of life and economic change;
seeking new customers has increased trade)
• Incorporates some relevant information from documents 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9
• Incorporates relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: as a result of the factory
system, prices were much lower than in the domestic system; women and children were paid
less than men for the same work; children as young as six years old were allowed to work with
machines that were much faster and larger than they were; Engels believed the apathy of the
factory owners resulted in bad conditions for the workers; in the new capitalist regime, Engels
believed money was more important to the factory owners than the rights of the workers; Age of
Globalization: spans many countries because of the usage of raw materials; cheap labor is used
by factory owners now referred to as capitalists and entrepreneurs; people in the United States
wear clothes from China; the relocation of manufacturing to places such as China has allowed
goods that would have been a hundred dollars a century ago to be half that price; it has allowed
some countries to create a new goal of capitalism and grow)
• Includes some relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial Revolution: progressed as a
result of new inventions; the way items were produced changed from the domestic system to the
factory system; the domestic system took many steps to complete; brought a migration of
workers to the cities; provided jobs in factories for men, women, and children; Age of
Globalization: has allowed employment to go across borders)
• Demonstrates a satisfactory plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion that
are a restatement of the theme
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 3. Some evaluative statements lead to
oversimplification of complex issues, particularly for the impact of globalization. Outside
information and some analytical statements, especially the discussion of Engel’s beliefs,
demonstrate a good understanding of the changes that occurred during the Industrial Revolution and
their effects.
[50]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – C
[51]
[52]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – C
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 3 – C
[53]
[54]
Anchor Level 3-C
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task with little depth for the Industrial Revolution and the Age of
Globalization
• Is more descriptive than analytical (Industrial Revolution: machines produced fabric more
quickly and more efficiently than when made by hand; factory workers received unhealthy,
unclean conditions; many families endured unsanitary conditions in the unplanned slums that
they had to call home; Age of Globalization: countries that had once been poor have seen their
fortunes soar as foreign countries have increased their influence; many people have been left
with no jobs and feel insecure about their future; the Indian economy is on the rise as more and
more jobs are being moved there)
• Incorporates some relevant information from documents 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9
• Incorporates limited relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: hard-working farm
families lost their jobs with the rise of machines and factories; workers were sometimes beaten
and abused if they were working too slowly and would hardly get recognized for the work they
did; it was all about speed and money and the owners often did not care what happened to the
worker; Age of Globalization: countries that were once booming have seen a dramatic fall off in
their economy as jobs have been outsourced elsewhere due to the rising costs of production)
• Includes some relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial Revolution: Samuel Crompton’s
spinning machine; Edmund Cartwright’s automatic power loom; women and children were sent
to work long hours for pennies on the dollar; Age of Globalization: much of America’s
telecommunications are being outsourced to India; telecommunication jobs are expected to
boost India’s economy even higher)
• Demonstrates a satisfactory plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion that
are somewhat beyond a restatement of the theme
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 3. Information presented for the Age of
Globalization is primarily reliant on interpretation of document information. Although the
discussion of the plight of the working class is somewhat repetitive, the inclusion of some analytical
statements demonstrates an understanding of the changes that occurred during the Industrial
Revolution.
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – A
[55]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – A
[56]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – A
[57]
[58]
Anchor Level 2-A
The response:
• Minimally develops all aspects of the task for the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution
• Is primarily descriptive (Middle Ages: new techniques of agriculture and new trade routes
eventually led to more freedom and a decline in traditional forms of society; efficiency led to
more economic activity; huge increase in trade allowed for greater economic growth; Crusades
finally broke the curtain that was dividing the East and the West; economic changes rippled
through society, causing social changes; there was a different attitude towards land ownership;
feudal system declined because serfs were being emancipated; Industrial Revolution: led to new
forms of manufacturing goods and a different attitude towards land, which created new social
problems for workers; manufacturing was performed more by machines than by people and
became a less personal process; land lost its traditional place in society; many workers lived in
very bad conditions because they wanted to be close to their work in factories; urban areas were
awful and unhealthy)
• Incorporates limited relevant information from documents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
• Presents little relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: land was no longer the only
ticket to success)
• Includes relevant facts, examples, and details (Middle Ages: use of legumes and cross-breeding;
Crusades brought an economic change; Crusades helped establish Venice as a portal for trade
between the East and the West; Industrial Revolution: led to land becoming more of a
commodity; children who used to be healthy were now sick and frail because they worked in
bad conditions in factories)
• Demonstrates a general plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion that
highlight the impact that new ideas and technology have on societies
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 2. Although dependent on document
information, the response demonstrates an understanding of the loss of traditional ways of life
during both time periods. Good conclusions, some of which are analytical in nature, are included
but are not supported by historical details.
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – A
[59]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – B
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – B
[60]
Anchor Level 2-B
The response:
• Minimally develops all aspects of the task for the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution
• Is primarily descriptive (Middle Ages: quality of life improved and merchants enriched society
through trading; Industrial Revolution: new inventions and factories greatly improved the
efficiency and cost in making many products)
• Incorporates limited relevant information from documents 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6
• Presents little relevant outside information (Middle Ages: through the Crusades, Europeans
learned a lot from Muslim society, which they brought back with them)
• Includes few relevant facts, examples, and details (Middle Ages: new agricultural techniques
were introduced; the use of legumes developed along with manuring; herds were improved by
selection and cross-breeding; water and windmills provided power; new trade routes with the
East were established and European trading cities flourished; cities expanded along with
commerce; Industrial Revolution: the rise of industry led to the rise of cities; people migrated
from their rural societies to work in city factories; child labor was permitted and carried out in
very poor working conditions; factory workers lived in dirty, unhealthy slums); includes some
inaccuracies (Industrial Revolution: factory workers were part of the middle class; making of
cloth was greatly simplified as it required less steps due to machines)
• Demonstrates a general plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion that are
a restatement of the theme
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 2. Although accurate document
information is used to address the task, the lack of supporting details weakens attempts to draw
conclusions. While the discussion of the impact of the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution is
somewhat confusing, the explanations of the changes that occurred during both time periods are
adequate.
[61]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – B
[62]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – C
[63]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – C
Anchor Level 2-C
The response:
• Minimally develops all aspects of the task for the Industrial Revolution and the Age of
Globalization
• Is primarily descriptive (Industrial Revolution: industrialization increased and technology
advanced as people moved to the cities; manufactured goods were produced faster and cheaper
with the invention of new factory machines; new technology sped up the process which
ultimately made it easier to make money; Age of Globalization: countries who once
manufactured their own goods went to other countries to do their work; countries have become
rich because of globalization and trade; foreign investments are expected to increase)
• Incorporates limited relevant information from documents 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8
• Presents little relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: many people began to move
from the country to the city in search of work after the Agricultural Revolution; there was a
huge gap between the classes because not all were reaping the benefits of the economy; Age of
Globalization: exchange of goods could also lead to exchange in ideas)
• Includes few relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial Revolution: before
[industrialization], a series of people were needed to produce goods; factory workers lived in
slums; children worked in factories and showed the effects of their long hours at work; once
healthy children were now sickly and frail; Age of Globalization: trade between countries
increased)
• Demonstrates a general plan of organization; includes an introduction that restates the theme
and a conclusion that notes a historical progression from self-supported manors to the Industrial
Revolution to the Age of Globalization
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 2. An understanding of the Industrial
Revolution is demonstrated in the methodical discussion; however, the lack of sufficient facts and
details to support the document information weakens the effort despite the inclusion of some good
summary statements. Although simple statements about globalization are strung together without
explanation, a general understanding is demonstrated.
[64]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 2 – C
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 1 – A
[65]
[66]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 1 – A
[67]
Anchor Level 1-A
The response:
• Minimally develops all aspects of the task for the Age of Globalization and the Middle Ages
• Is descriptive (Age of Globalization: as globalization is growing, national borders are growing
fuzzier and fuzzier; it has been a good thing for some countries but devastating for others;
Middle Ages: living became easier for people; it was easier to get goods from one place to
another); lacks understanding and application (Age of Globalization: chances of food or clothing
being actually from America today are slim to none)
• Consists primarily of relevant information copied from documents 1, 2, 7, and 9
• Presents little relevant outside information (Middle Ages: both hatred and good were provoked
by new trade routes)
• Includes few relevant facts, examples, and details (Age of Globalization: business transactions
routinely span the planet; when parents bought clothes or food, it was mainly American made;
people have seen their jobs destroyed; Middle Ages: lives of people became more stable;
population increased; old land was renewed); includes inaccuracies (Middle Ages: new land was
bought for farming; trade routes were paved)
• Demonstrates a general plan of organization; lacks focus; includes an introduction that restates
the theme and a general conclusion
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 1. The task is addressed with a series of
statements selected directly from the documents and the inclusion of a few general summary
statements that often lead to limited conclusions. The Age of Globalization is addressed somewhat
more successfully than the Middle Ages with its focus on the negative aspects of globalization.
[68]
Anchor Paper – Document–Based Essay—Level 1 – B
Anchor Level 1-B
The response:
• Minimally develops some aspects of the task by mentioning all aspects of the task for the
Industrial Revolution
• Is descriptive (there were many economic changes in society involving the way goods were
produced; designated buildings were made to house machines; people had to be hired to run the
machines); lacks understanding and application
• Incorporates limited relevant information from documents 4, 5, and 6
• Presents little relevant outside information (people started inventing machines to do more work
faster; spinning jenny was an invention; machines were an improvement because they could do
more work than 100 men; people were crammed into one-room apartments)
• Includes few relevant facts, examples, and details (factories were built to house machines;
housing was built for the workers; slums were dirty, smelly, and filled with diseases); includes
an inaccuracy (the printing press was a new machine found in a factory)
• Demonstrates a weakness in organization; lacks an introduction and a conclusion
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 1. The response is largely composed of
a surface discussion of the creation of factories during the Industrial Revolution. Although the
impact on workers is mentioned, most of the discussion depends on generalities and statements
from the documents.
[69]
[70]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – A
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – A
[71]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – A
[72]
[73]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – B
[74]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – B
[75]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – B
[76]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – C
[77]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – C
[78]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – D
[79]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – E
[80]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – E
[81]
Document–Based Essay—Practice Paper – E
[82]
Practice Paper A—Score Level 2
The response:
• Minimally develops all aspects of the task for the Industrial Revolution and the Age of
Globalization
• Is primarily descriptive (Industrial Revolution: there was a drastic change in how products were
made and where people lived; because of the advancement of technology, people started to build
factories where machines could be used to make mass amounts of products; since there was now
a high concentration of people in the urban areas, the factory owners had workers to run the
machines; the factory system was faster than the previous system that called on a number of
different people to make the finished product; Age of Globalization: really helped make
countries more interdependent; helped expand different parts of a nation’s economy that were
not particularly strong)
• Incorporates limited relevant information from documents 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9
• Presents little relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: had a tremendous impact on
western Europe)
• Includes few relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial Revolution: people started to
migrate from the rural areas to the urban areas; Age of Globalization: opened more trade with
different nations so that countries could have products from various parts of the world; helped
telecommunication spread in India)
• Demonstrates a general plan of organization; includes an introduction that is a restatement of the
theme and a conclusion that states some positive and negative effects of both the Industrial
Revolution and the Age of Globalization
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 2. Some general statements lead to
misunderstanding, such as the statement that the world would have been very isolated without the
Age of Globalization. The discussion is primarily made up of well-chosen ideas from the documents
that demonstrate a limited understanding of the task.
[83]
Practice Paper B—Score Level 3
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task with little depth for the Industrial Revolution and the Age of
Globalization
• Is more descriptive than analytical (Industrial Revolution: with the cities came slums, child
labor, and death; with so much pollution and close proximity of living spaces, many children
suffered; inventors kept turning out new ideas and technology to improve life; machines made
the textile industry more efficient, and this caused a boom in the industry; it created jobs, cities,
and led to the life we know today; Age of Globalization: has benefited millions but hurt
millions; with widespread trade, products now come from around the world and many people
utilize them; many developing countries around the world have been flooded with foreign
influence and built up by foreign companies)
• Incorporates some relevant information from documents 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9
• Incorporates limited relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: changed the standard
of living for many; urban life had a certain draw to most people attracting them to the wages of
the factory worker but underlying the first pay check were harsh working conditions, long
hours, and horrible polluted living spaces; workers suffered while factory owners became fat
and rich off cheap labor; Age of Globalization: the mass connection of ideas and products of the
countries of the world)
• Includes some relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial Revolution: many children
endured long hours, beatings, and sickness; textile industry went from the old ways of making
cloth which was done by hand, a slow consuming process, to an automated machine driven
process; Age of Globalization: factories have been constructed and jobs created for millions; has
left millions of people worse off with more poverty and less stability in their day to day lives;
many Indians have welcomed globalization with open arms; a mass telecommunications
industry has been developed in India supplying jobs and a good pay to many Indians; India’s
telecommunication system has and will continue to boost the economy); includes a minor
inaccuracy (Industrial Revolution: Gutenberg’s printing press was a new idea)
• Demonstrates a satisfactory plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion that
are a restatement of the theme
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 3. Well-chosen document information
creates a good base for the discussion of the Age of Globalization, but generalizations and lack of
interpretation demonstrate a cursory understanding of the task. Descriptions of changes that
occurred as a result of the Industrial Revolution, such as rural areas becoming urban jungles,
strengthen the response.
Practice Paper C—Score Level 3
Practice Paper D—Score Level 0
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task with little depth for the Industrial Revolution and the Age of
Globalization
• Is more descriptive than analytical (Industrial Revolution: a time of reform and invention;
factories opened up job possibilities; mass production could take place under one roof in a much
faster time; helped the economy become strong and stable; Age of Globalization: created a
worldwide marketplace which allowed for an exchange of goods and ideas and a dramatic
increase in foreign investment)
• Incorporates some relevant information from documents 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9
• Incorporates limited relevant outside information (Industrial Revolution: many families lived
together in one room with unsanitary conditions, which led to the spreading of disease; Sadler
Report investigated child labor and eventually people fought for reforms; the cotton gin was one
of the inventions that led to increased production; mass production led to a price decrease and
goods became more available and affordable to the masses; Age of Globalization: led to
economic interdependence as countries began relying on other nations for primary resources,
such as oil, to increase production of goods; allows for monopolies such as OPEC to flourish;
outsourcing increased as companies recognized giant economic opportunities in other countries)
• Includes some relevant facts, examples, and details (Industrial Revolution: people began
moving from the country areas to cities as factories began sprouting in formerly rural areas; for
many people, the living conditions surrounding the factories were horrible; towns that sprang up
around factories were severely overcrowded and filth-ridden; slums were extremely hazardous
and unhealthy and were very badly built; children worked long hours confined in stuffy rooms
with unbearable conditions and became unhealthy and frail; as a result of inventions, such as the
spinning jenny and the mule, production of goods increased; Age of Globalization: an increase
in outsourcing helped India; some countries saw an increase in jobs, but outsourcing takes jobs
away from many people in the original country); includes a minor inaccuracy (indicates that
only Middle Eastern countries belong to OPEC)
• Demonstrates a satisfactory plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion that
are a restatement of the theme
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 3. Lack of depth in the treatment of key
terms such as OPEC, interdependence, and outsourcing for the Age of Globalization limit the
effectiveness of these details. The strength of the response is in the explanations and the
incorporation of detailed outside information in the discussion of the Industrial Revolution.
The response:
Refers to the theme in a general way; includes no relevant facts, examples, or details
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 0. The introduction is an incoherent
paragraph. Despite the copying of a section from document 3 and the mention of several other
documents, the response demonstrates no understanding of the task.
[84]
Practice Paper E—Score Level 4
The response:
• Develops all aspects of the task by discussing the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution
• Is both descriptive and analytical (Middle Ages: when food could be produced by fewer people,
farm communities expanded into small villages; as products flowed into Europe with the
Crusades, demand increased; both European and Eastern goods were available; some serfs were
freed from estates and the manor system began to end; Industrial Revolution: machines started
to replace human labor; influx of goods led to an economic boost; thanks to the jobs offered by
factories, cities sprang up around them; lifestyles changed from country farmer to urban worker
almost overnight; although factories turned out many goods, they initially hurt the worker)
• Incorporates relevant information from documents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
• Incorporates relevant outside information (Middle Ages: Crusaders learned of new ideas and
products, such as spices, during their expeditions to the Middle East and brought them back to
Europe; exchange of cultures led to the introduction of new sciences and technology; new
discoveries boosted intellectual interest in Europe and helped to launch the Renaissance;
Industrial Revolution: prior to industrialization, goods were manufactured using the cottage
system where goods were made slowly and by hand; since farming could be done by fewer
people, capitalists built more factories and focused on the profit motive; factory owners became
obsessed with making money and paid little attention to the well-being of the workers; in the
newly developed cities, streets were unpaved and muddy; many people were forced to live in
slums where disease spread rapidly; workers formed unions which helped improve conditions)
• Supports the theme with relevant facts, examples, and details (Middle Ages: boom in farming
due to new machinery to process crops, nitrate-restoring plants, and innovations in fertilizing
techniques; as goods flooded into ports, cities grew around the ports; Industrial Revolution:
prior to the Industrial Revolution, each piece of a product was added at a different location and
by a different person; machines were placed in a single building with less human labor; owners
forced long hours on workers in disgusting, unsafe workplaces often leading to illness or
disability for the workers; child labor became common often hindering children from proper
development or education)
• Demonstrates a logical and clear plan of organization; includes an introduction and a conclusion
that are a restatement of the theme
Conclusion: Overall, the response fits the criteria for Level 4. Good details and relevant outside
information enhance the narrative. Analytical statements demonstrate an understanding of both the
short-term and long-term impacts of both the Crusades and the Industrial Revolution.
[85]
[86]
[87]
Global History and Geography Specifications
June 2009
Part I
Multiple-Choice Questions by Standard
Standard Question Numbers
1—United States and New York History N/A
2—World History
2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 16, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 31,
32, 35, 36, 37, 42, 44, 48, 50
3—Geography
1, 4, 6, 8, 11, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 39, 45, 46,
47, 49
4—Economics 10, 18, 21, 28, 33, 34, 38, 40, 41, 43
5—Civics, Citizenship, and Government 19, 20, 30
Parts II and III by Theme and Standard
Theme Standards
Thematic Essay
Human Rights; Power;
Conflict
Standard 2: World History
Document-based Essay
Change: Economic
Systems; Urbanization;
Environment and Society;
Factors of Production;
Interdependence
Standards 2, 3, and 4: World
History; Geography; Economics
Scoring information for Part I and Part II is found in Volume 1 of the Rating
Guide.
Scoring information for Part III is found in Volume 2 of the Rating Guide.
The Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score for the
June 2009 Regents Examination in Global History and Geography will be
posted on the Department’s web site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/
on the
day of the examination. Conversion charts provided for the previous
administrations of the Global History and Geography examination must NOT
be used to determine students’ final scores for this administration.
Submitting Teacher Evaluations of the Test to the Department
Suggestions and feedback from teachers provide an important contribution to the test
development process. The Department provides an online evaluation form for State assess-
ments. It contains spaces for teachers to respond to several specific questions and to make
suggestions. Instructions for completing the evaluation form are as follows:
1. Go to http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/exameval
.
2. Select the test title.
3. Complete the required demographic fields.
4. Complete each evaluation question and provide comments in the space provided.
5. Click the SUBMIT button at the bottom of the page to submit the completed form.
