Design of an Auditorium Building

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ISSN(Online): 2319-8753

ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

Engineering and Technology

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Vol. 7, Issue 4, April 2018

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2018.0704052 4247

Design of an Auditorium Building

Sri Priya

1

, Vineeth reddy

2

, Diwakar reddy

3

,Gopi

4

,Soma Sekhar

5

Assistant Professor, M.Tech, Department of Structural Engineering, KEC, JNTU Ananatapur, Andhra Pradesh, India

1

B.Tech, Department of Civil Engineering, KEC, JNTU Ananatapur, Andhra Pradesh, India

2,3,4,5

ABSTRACT: This project deals with the analysis and design of the Auditorium with special emphasis on Slabs,

Beams, Columns, Footing and Staircase. Analysis is carried out using Substitute Frame Analysis and preliminary

analysis of Beams is carried out using Moment Distribution method. Concrete mix used for the RCC members is M20

and steel used is high yield strength deformed bars of grade Fe415. Limit State Method is adopted for the design of all

structural members in the building. Safe bearing capacity of soil is taken as 200kN/m2.Footing is designed as Isolated

type. Plan and detailing of reinforcement are enclosed in this report. Area and other specifications are taken from IS

2526:1963 (Code of practice for acoustical design of Auditorium and conference halls) and NBC (National Building

Code). The limit state method of collapse using IS: 456-2000, and SP16 have been adopted for the design of structural

components like slabs, beams, columns and foundations. Design and analysis is done manually and the results are

verified using STAAD Pro. We have used the AUTO CAD.

KEYWORDS: Acoustic, Beam, Column ,Footing ,Analysis, Slab, Auto Cad ,Staad Pro,etc

I. INTRODUCTION

An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances such as theatres.

Auditorium, Conference hall, Library and Indoor Games are necessary for an Engineering college. In Kuppam College

of Engineering, Library, Conference hall are located at different locations and also there is no special building for

Auditorium. This project reports on the analysis and design of Auditorium, Library and Indoor Games hall in one

separate block. All structural components for the building such as beams, columns, slabs, staircase etc are analysed and

designed. Isolated footing is adopted for all columns. Safe bearing capacity is taken as 200kN/m

2

. The structure is

designed by using limit state method, adopting M20 concrete and Fe415 HYSD bars. Site plan, plan showing various

floors, section of plan, elevation of plan and detailing of reinforcements for Beam, Column, Slab, Staircase and Footing

are also enclosed

1.1. ACOUSTICAL REQUIREMENTS

 Halls Used for Speech -The clarity of speech is most important in this case. Optimum clarity depends on:

1 correct reverberation time,

2 absence of echo,

3correct loudness level at all parts of hall.

 Halls for music - Adequate reverberation is important to lend proper blending and fullness of music. The

reverberation time is required to be higher than for halls meant for speech only.

 General Purpose Halls Used for Both speech and music- The reverberation time should be in-between that

provided for in halls for music and speech.

 Cinemas (Sound Picture halls) - In view of the fact that a certain amount of reverberation is already present in

the recorded sound, the reverberation time required in this case is lower than that required.

 Open-Air Auditoriums and Conference halls- While the general acoustical requirements are similar to those

specified for halls additional requirements which arise are dealt with in 10·

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ISSN(Online): 2319-8753

ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

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Vol. 7, Issue 4, April 2018

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2018.0704052 4248

1.2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

1.2. 1. Seats

Seats should be staggered sideways in relation to those in front so that a listener in any row is not looking directly

over the head of- the person in front of him .This is particularly important for halls where the audience provides the

major part of the required sound absorption

Figure. 1.Cone of vision

1.2.2. Seating arrangement

Seating arrangements in an auditorium seating layout (or assembly space) will either be identified as

“multiple-aisle” or “continental

Figure.2. Seating arrangement

1.2.3. Seating Dimensions

The average seat width has grown from 450 mm to 650 mm, a grow of 12.7% that is related to a growing

human size as “Theatre Projects Consultants”

Figure3.Seating dimensions

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ISSN(Online): 2319-8753

ISSN (Print): 2347-6710

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Vol. 7, Issue 4, April 2018

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2018.0704052 4249

II.LITERATURE SURVEY

Howard G. Latham, The signal to noise ratio for speech intelligibility – An Auditorium Acoustics design index

The Signal-to-Noise Ratio devised by Lochner and Burger contributed an objective design index for predicting

speech intelligibility. Their index provided a measure of useful and detrimental reflected speech energy according to

the integration and masking characteristics of hearing, and enabled predictions to be made from impulse measurements

in models. However, it was necessary to extend the Signal-to-Noise Ratio theory to account for the effect of fluctuating

ambient background noise on speech intelligibility.

Howard G. Latham, The Measurement of Quality in Auditorium Acoustics by Subjective Scaling Methods - A

Review of Developments in Theory and Practice

The effects of reflections: The terms 'reflection' and 'echo' have sometimes been confused, in that any

perceptible reflection was called an 'echo'. It could be useful to identify three types of reflection by their subjective

effects in complex sound fields: • Imperceptible but contributing towards sound impression. • Perceptible but not

disturbing, and not perceived as an echo or new source. • Perceptible and disturbing. The threshold of perceptibility has

been defined as the level at which 50 per cent of subjects noticed a difference in the sound field. The critical level of a

reflection was determined when 50 per cent of listeners were disturbed.

Chan H. Haan & Fergus R. Fricke, Statistical Investigation of Geometrical Parameters for the Acoustic

Design of Auditorium

Volume/seat: Sabine la showed that the reverberation time of an auditorium is directly proportional to the

room volume and inversely proportional to the total absorption in the auditorium. As the total absorption is largely

dependent on the number of seats in the auditorium the reverberation time will be dependent on the volume/seat ratio.

III.ANALYSIS

A multi-storeyed frame is a complicated statically indeterminate structure. The analysis by moment

distribution method is very lengthy and difficult. Hence substitute frame analysis is adopted for better and easier

calculation.

IV. DESIGN

4.1. DESIGN OF SLAB

Dimensions

L

x

= 3.2

L

y

= 5.5

Span ratio = 5.5 /3.2

= 1.1<2 i.e., Two way slab

Assume,

Overall depth = 150-20

D = 130mm

Torsion reinforcement at corner

Area of torsion steel at each of the corners in 4 layers is computed as

= 0.75* A

st

along shorter span

= 0.75*523.59

= 393mm

2

Length cover which torsion steel is provided

= 1/5*shorter span

= 1/5*3200

= 640mm Using 6mm dia bars

Spacing = 1000ast/ A

st

= (1000*π*62/4)393

= 71.9mm

Provide 6mm bars at 100mm c/c for length and 640mmat all corners in 4 layers

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Reinforcement in end strips

A

st

= 0.12% of c/s

= 180mm

2

Assume 10mm dia bars

Spacing = (1000*π/4*102)/180

= 436 > 300

As per code spacing should not exceed 300mm

Provide 10mm dia bars at 300mm c/c

A

st

= (1000*π/4*102)/300

A

st

= 262mm

2

Figure4 -Reinforcement details of two way slab-section

Figure 5-Reinforcement details of two way slab- plan

4.2.DESIGN OF BEAMS

4.2.1. DESIGN OF L-BEAMS

Dimensions

c/c of support = 3.2+(0.3/2)+(0.3/2)

= 3.5m

Thickness of slabs = 150 mm

F

y

= 20 N/mm

2

F

ck

= 415 N/mm

2

Width of beam = 300 mm

Overall depth = 300 mm

Effective cover = 25 mm

Effective depth = 300-25-10

= 265mm

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ISSN(Online): 2319-8753

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Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2018.0704052 4251

Reinforcement

Shear reinforcement

τ

ve

= V

e

/ b

w

*d

= 1.45 N/ mm

2

P

t

= (100* A

st

)/( b

w

*d)

= 0.79 Ref table 19 of IS456 2000

τ

c

= 0.56N/ mm

2

Hence shear reinforcement are required

using 10mm dia 2 legged stirrups with side cover 25mm top+ bottom cover of 25mm

b

1

= 300-25-25

= 250mm

d

1

= 300-25-25

= 250mm

A

sv

= 157 mm

2

σ

c

= A

sv

*0.87*f

y

/ (τ

y

– τ

c

)*b

= 214.6

Provide 10mm dia 2 legged stirrups @200mm spacing

Figure.6 -Reinforcement details of L-beams- longitudinal section

Figure.7 - Reinforcement details of L-beams- cross section

4.2.2. DESIGN OF T- BEAM

Dimensions

Slab thickness = 150mm

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c/c of support = 3.2+(0.3/2)+(0.3/2)

= 3.5m

f

y

= 20N/mm

2

f

ck

= 415N/mm

2

Design of shear reinforcement

A

sv

/b S

v

= 0.4/0.87*f

y

S

v

= 302.47mm

The spacing should not exceed 300mm

S

v

= 300mm

Provide 8mm dia bars 2 legged stirrups at 300mmc/c.

Figure.8 -Reinforcement details of T-beam-longitudinal design

Figure.9. - Cross section of T-beam

4.3. DESIGN OF DOG-LEGGED STAIRCASE

Dimensions

Room size = 6.4*3.6m

Height of room = 4m

Live load = 5kN/m

2

f

y

= 415N/mm

2

f

ck

= 20N/mm

2

Assume

Tread = 300mm

Riser = 125mm

Main reinforcement

M

u

= 0.87f

y

A

st

*d[1-f

y

A

st

/bdf

ck

]

76.699*106 = 0.87*415*A

st

*180*[1-(415*A

st

/1000*20*180)]

A

st

= 1408.9mm

2

Spacing with 10mm dia bars

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S

v

= (1000*¶/4*102)/1408.9

S

v

= 55.75mm

Provide 10mm dia bars 100mm c/c

Distributor Reinforcement

Provide

A

st

min = 0.12% of cs area and assume 8mm dia bars

A

st

min = 0.12/100*1000 *200

= 240mm

2

Spacing = 1000(π/4)*82/240

= 209.44mm

Provide 8mm dia bars@200mm c/c

Figure .10-Reinforcement details of doglegged staircase

4.4. DESIGN OF COLUMN

4.4.1. DESIGN OF AXIALLY LOADED COLUMN

Dimensions

Factored load = 1200kN

Concrete grade = M20

Characteristic strength of reinforcement

= 415N/mm

2

Unsupported length of column

= 3.55m

Cross sectional area of column

= 400*300

Longitudinal reinforcement

P

u

= [0.4f

ck

A

c

+0.67f

y

-0.4f

ck

)A

st

]

1200*103 = [(0.4*20*400*300)+[(.67*415)-(0.4*20)]A

sc

A

sc

= 888.7mm

2

Minimum reinforcement provided

= 0.008*400*300

= 960mm

2

ie, Provide 6 nos of 20 mm dia bars of longitudinal reinforcement

Lateral ties

Tie diameter > 6mm

< 16mm

Provide 8mm diameter ties

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Tie spacing > 16*20

= 320mm

ie, provide 8mm dia ties @ 300mm c/c

Figure 11.-Reinforcement details of axially loaded column

4.4.2. DESIGN OF UNIAXIALLY LOADED COLUMN

Design of lateral ties

Dia of lateral ties not less than 6mm and not greater than 16mm

Take 8mm dia ties

Spacing should not be greater than 300mm

Or

16φ = 16*20

= 320mm

Hence provide 8mm φ bars @ 250mm c/c

Figure12 -Reinforcement details of uniaxially loaded colum

4.4.3. DESIGN OF BI AXIALLY LOADED COLUMN

Design of lateral ties

According to IS456:2000,

Dia of lateral ties not less than 6mm and not greater than 16mm

Take 8mm dia ties

Spacing should not be greater than 300mm

or

16φ = 16*20

= 320mm

Hence provide 8mm φ bars @ 300mm c/c

Figure13. -Reinforcement details of bi axially loaded columns

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4.5.DESIGN OF FOOTING

Dimension

Factored load, P

u

= 1200 kN

Size of column = 400 × 300 mm

SBC of soil = 200 kN/m

2

F

ck

= 20 N/mm

2

F

y

= 415 N/mm

2

Size footing

Load on column = 1200 kN

Weight of footing and backfill at 10%

= 120 kN

Area of footing = (1200+120)/(1.5*200)

= 4.4 m

2

A

st

= 1970.4mm

2

P

t

= 100 A

st

/bd

= (100*1970.4)/(1000*450)

= 0.43>0.25 Assuming 60mm dia bars,

Spacing = 1000a

st

/ A

st

= 1000*π*162/(4*1970.4)

= 105mm

Hence, provide 16mm dia bars @100mm c/c in both directions.

Figure 14-Reinforcement details of axially loaded column

V. STAAD REPORT

Figure 15-3D Rendered View –AUDITORIUM BUILDING

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Figure 16-Beam forces in Staad Pro

Figure 17-Beam design

igure 18-Column design

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Figure 19-Plate principal stresses in Staad Pro

Figure20- MAXIMUM PRINCIPAL STRESSES

VI. AUTOCAD LAYOUTS

Figure21: Floor Plan of Auditorium building using AutoCAD

Load 2

X

Y

Z

M a x T o p ( P r i n c i p a l M a j o r

( P r i n c i p a l M a j o r S t r e s s )

S t r e s s )

N / m m 2

< = - 2 . 7 1

- 1 . 9 7

- 1 . 2 4

- 0 . 4 9 9

0 . 2 3 8

0 . 9 7 6

1 . 7 1

2 . 4 5

3 . 1 9

3 . 9 3

4 . 6 6

5 . 4

6 . 1 4

6 . 8 8

7 . 6 1

8 . 3 5

> = 9 . 0 9

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Figure22: Elevation of Auditorium building using AutoCAD

VII. CONCLUSION

The analysis and design of the structural components of the college auditorium envisaged planning for each floor

of the building with detailed analyses of Beams, Columns, Slabs and Stairs. Isolated footings for Columns were

considered. This project concerns the feasibility of construction of an auditorium with good acoustic properties. It

involves the application of earlier coursework to carry out the analysis and design of components of structure. It was

analysed using STAAD.Pro using generic loading. The construction of auditorium presents a solution for many cultural

programmes being held. This project can be directly implanted

REFERENCES

1. Dr. B. C. Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain, Design of Elements R.C.C. Designs Reinforced Concrete Structures, 2002, Pg. no. 157, 999, 1015

2. Ahmed Ali Elkhateeb, Ain Shams Engineering Journal,2012, Pg. No. 5-9

3. Bodycombe, Audience Geometry, Journal of Sound and Vibration 78(4), 598-602, 1981, Pg. No. 9

4. Chan Haan & Fergus Fricke, Statistical Investigation of Geometrical Parameters for the Acoustic Design of Auditoria, 1992, Pg. No. 5-15

5. Howard Latham, Subjective Measurements-Practice, The Measurement of Quality in Auditorium Acoustics by Subjective Scaling Methods - A

Review of Developments in Theory and Practice, 1983, Pg. No. 1, 9

6. Howard Latham, Summary, The Signal-To-Noise Ratio for Speech Intelligibility- an Auditorium Acoustics Design Index, 1979, Pg. No. 1

7. IS: 456 (2000), Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code Of Practice, Bureau Of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

8. IS: 875 (Part I) (1987), Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and structures Part I Dead Loads – Unit weights

of building materials and stored material. • IS 875 (Part II) (1987), Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and

structures Part II Imposed loads.

9. IS 875 (Part III) (1987), Code Of Practice For Design Loads: Wind Loads • SP: 16, Design aid for reinforced concrete structures to IS: 456

(1978)

10. IS 2526:1963, Code Of Practice For Acoustical Design Of Auditorium And Conference Halls

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Vol. 7, Issue 4, April 2018

BIOGRAPHY

M.Sri Priya

Assistant Professor,KEC

M.Tech in Structural Engineering

Jawaharlal Institute of Technology Anantapuramu

Vineeth Reddy

B.Tech in Civil Engineering,KEC,

Jawaharlal Institute of Technology

Anantapuramu

Diwakar Reddy

B.Tech in Civil Engineering,KEC,

Jawaharlal Institute of Technology

Anantapuramu

Gopi

B.Tech in Civil Engineering,KEC,

Jawaharlal Institute of Technology

Anantapuramu

Soma sekhar

B.Tech in Civil Engineering,KEC,

Jawaharlal Institute of Technology

Anantapuramu